Sheamoistureã‚â® 8 Fl. Oz. Raw Shea Butter Baby Massage Oil

Off-white or ivory-colored fat extracted from the nut of the African shea tree

A container of shea butter as sold in Benin

Seeds of a shea tree — raw materials for oil production

Shea butter (, , or ; Bambara: sìtulu ߛߌ߮ߕߎߟߎ ^[ane]) is a fat extracted from the nut of the African shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa).^[two] Information technology is ivory in colour when raw and normally dyed yellow with borututu root or palm oil. It is widely used in cosmetics as a moisturizer, relieve or lotion. Shea butter is edible and is used in food preparation in some African countries.^[3] Occasionally, shea butter is mixed with other oils every bit a substitute for cocoa butter, although the taste is noticeably different.^{[4] [5]}

The English word "shea" comes from s'í , the tree's proper noun in Bambara.^[vi] Information technology is known by many local names, such as kpakahili in the Dagbani language, taama in the Wali linguistic communication, kuto in Twi, kaɗe or kaɗanya in Hausa, òkwùmá in the Igbo language, òrí in the Yoruba language, karité in the Wolof language of Senegal,^[seven] and ori in some parts of West Africa and many others.^{[ citation needed ]}

History [edit]

The common name is shísu ߛ߭ߌ߭ߛߎ (lit. "shea tree") in the Bambara linguistic communication of Mali. This is the origin of the English give-and-take, 1 pronunciation of which rhymes with "tea" , although the pronunciation (rhyming with "twenty-four hour period") is common, and is listed second in major dictionaries. The tree is called ghariti in the Wolof language of Senegal, which is the origin of the French proper name of the tree and the butter, karité .

The shea tree grows naturally in the wild in the dry savannah chugalug of West Africa from Senegal in the west to Sudan in the due east, and onto the foothills of the Ethiopian highlands. It occurs in 21 countries across the African continent, namely Republic of benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Key African Commonwealth, Republic of chad, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Ivory Coast, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, S Sudan, Sudan, Togo, Uganda, Congo-kinshasa, Kenya and Republic of guinea.

A testa found at the site of the medieval village of Saouga is evidence of shea butter production past the 14th century.^[8] The butter was existence imported into Britain by 1846.^[9]

Children transporting crushed shea basics in Jisonaayili, Ghana

Wala women selling shea butter in Ghana

Traditional preparation of shea butter in Mali

A young lady selling shea butter in Ghana.

Composition and properties [edit]

Shea butter extract is a complex fatty that in addition to many nonsaponifiable components (substances that cannot exist fully converted into soap by treatment with alkali) contains the following fatty acids: oleic acrid (40–60%), stearic acid (xx–50%), linoleic acid (3–11%), palmitic acid (2–9%), linolenic acrid (<1%) and arachidic acid (<i%).^[10]. It also contains the vitamins A, E and F.

Shea butter melts at body temperature. Proponents of its use for skin care maintain that information technology absorbs rapidly into the skin, acts as a "refatting" amanuensis, and has good water-bounden properties.^[11]

Uses [edit]

Shea butter is mainly used in the cosmetics industry for skin- and hair-related products (lip gloss, lip stick, skin moisturizer creams and emulsions, and hair conditioners for dry and brittle hair).^{[12] [13]} Information technology is likewise used by soap makers and massage oil manufacturers, typically in pocket-sized amounts, because it has enough of unsaponifiables, and higher amounts issue in a softer soap that has less cleaning power. Some artisan soap makers use shea butter in amounts to 25% – with the European Union regulating the maximum use around 28%, but it is rarely the instance in commercially produced soap due to its loftier cost compared to oils similar palm oil or pomace (olive oil). Information technology is an excellent emollient for dry out skin.^{[ citation needed ]} No evidence shows information technology is a cure, but it alleviates the pain associated with tightness and itching.

In some African countries such as Republic of benin, shea butter is used for cooking oil, as a waterproofing wax, for hairdressing, for candle-making, and as an ingredient in medicinal ointments. It is used by makers of traditional African percussion instruments to increment the immovability of wood (such every bit carved djembe shells), dried calabash gourds, and leather tuning straps.^{[ citation needed ]}

Medicinal [edit]

Shea butter is sometimes used equally a base of operations for medicinal ointments. Some of the isolated chemical constituents are reported to accept antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory,^[14] emollient, and humectant properties.^{[ citation needed ]} Shea butter has been used every bit a sunblocking balm^[15] with an estimated SPF of 3–iv and some of its components "have limited capacity to absorb ultraviolet radiation".^[iv]

In Ghana, shea butter, locally known as Kpakahili (Eng. trans. raw cream) in Dagbani, nkuto (Akan) or nku (Ga), is either used as a food product or applied equally lotion to protect the peel during the dry Harmattan season. The shea nut tree itself is called tááŋà (pl. táánsì) and the fruit is called táánì (pl. támá). The current northern regional capital Tamale derives its name from a combination of the words "tama" and "yili", meaning "the town of shea fruits".

In Nigeria, shea butter is used for the management of sinusitis and relief of nasal congestion.^[16] It is massaged into joints and other parts of the body where pain occurs.^[17]

Nomenclature [edit]

The United states Agency for International Development and other companies^[18] have suggested a classification system for shea butter, separating it into five grades:

• A (raw or unrefined, extracted using water)
• B (refined)
• C (highly refined and extracted with solvents such equally hexane)^[19]
• D (lowest uncontaminated grade)
• E (with contaminants).

Commercial grades are A, B, and C. The color of raw (form A) butter ranges from cream (like whipped butter) to grayish yellow. It has a nutty aroma which is removed in the other grades. Form C is pure white.^{[20] [21]} While the level of vitamin content can be affected by refining, up to 95% of vitamin content can be removed from refined grades (i.e., form C) of shea butter while reducing contamination levels to undetectable levels.^{[22] [23]}

See likewise [edit]

• Shea nut and butter production in Burkina Faso
• Shea Yeleen, a social enterprise that trains women-owned shea butter cooperatives.
• African black soap, a W African soap traditionally prepared with shea butter.

References [edit]

1. ^ "Due south". Manding (Bambara/Jula) Dictionary. An ka taa. Retrieved May 29, 2021. {{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
2. ^ Alfred Thomas (2002). "Fats and Fatty Oils". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a10_173. ISBN978-3527306732.
3. ^ National Research Council (2006-ten-31). Lost Crops of Africa: Book II: Vegetables (2006). ISBN978-0-309-10333-6.
4. ^ ^{a b} Due east. T. Masters, J. A. Yidana and P. Due north. Lovett (2004). "Reinforcing audio direction through merchandise: shea tree products in Africa".
5. ^ Fold, N. 2000. (2013-01-fourteen). "A matter of skillful taste? Quality and the structure of standards for chocolate in the European Spousal relationship. Cahiers d'Economie et Sociologie Rurales, 55/56: 92–110" (PDF).
6. ^ "Reference.com Dictionary Entry". Retrieved 25 August 2012.
7. ^ Goreja, W. G. (2004). "2". Shea Butter: The Nourishing Properties of Africa'southward Best-Kept Natural Beauty Secret. TNC International. p. 5. ISBN9780974296258.
8. ^ *Neumann, Thousand., et al. 1998. Remains of woody plants from Saouga, a medieval w African village. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 7:57-77.
9. ^ "Shea Butter". Stamford Mercury - Friday 28 August 1846. p. 2.
10. ^ Davrieux, F., Allal, F., Piombo, G., Kelly, B., Okulo, J. B., Thiam, M., Diallo, O. B. & Bouvet, J.-K. (2010) (2010). "Nigh Infrared Spectroscopy for High-Throughput Characterization of Shea Tree (Vitellaria paradoxa) Nut Fatty Profiles. Journal of Agronomical and Food Chemical science, 58, 7811-7819". Periodical of Agronomical and Nutrient Chemistry. 58 (thirteen): 7811–7819. doi:10.1021/jf100409v. PMID 20518501. {{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
11. ^ Hemat, R. A. Southward. (2003). Principles of Orthomolecularism. Urotext. p. 160. ISBN9781903737057.
12. ^ "African Shea Butter Benefits". Retrieved 8 October 2017.
13. ^ "Shea Butter. How Good is Information technology for Your Body?".
14. ^ Akihisa, T.; Kojima, N.; Kikuchi, T.; Yasukawa, Chiliad.; Tokuda, H.; Masters, East. T.; Manosroi, A.; Manosroi, J. (2010). "Anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive effects of triterpene cinnamates and acetates from shea fat". Journal of Oleo Scientific discipline. 59 (6): 273–80. doi:10.5650/jos.59.273. PMID 20484832.
15. ^ "22 Reasons to Apply Shea Butter". Healthline. 2018-11-27. Retrieved 2021-03-22 .
16. ^ Tella, A, Br (1979). "Preliminary studies on nasal decongestant activeness from the seed of the shea butter tree, Butyrospermum parkii". J Clin Pharmacol. 7 (five): 495–497. doi:ten.1111/j.1365-2125.1979.tb00992.ten. PMC1429586. PMID 89854. {{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors listing (link)
17. ^ "Huge potential for Shea in Nigeria". Globe Agroforestry | Transforming Lives and Landscapes with Trees . Retrieved 2020-05-xxx .
18. ^ U.s.a. Agency For International Development, Oct 2006. "Buying and Selling Shea Butter: A Marketing Transmission for West Africa" (PDF).
19. ^ "Shea Butter Processing". GOYUM. 2021-05-xix. Retrieved 2021-07-09 . {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
20. ^ "What grade is your shea butter?". Vermont Soap. 2016-x-31. Retrieved 2020-05-30 .
21. ^ "Classification AND USES OF SHEA BUTTER | Belvyna Global Nigeria Express". www.belvynaglobal.com. 2016-04-12. Retrieved 2016-04-21 .
22. ^ Nahm, HEE. "QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF WEST AFRICAN SHEA BUTTER".
23. ^ "CLASSIFICATION AND USES OF SHEA BUTTER | Belvyna Global Nigeria Limited". www.belvynaglobal.com. 2016-04-12. Retrieved 2016-04-21 .

Expect up shea butter in Wiktionary, the gratis lexicon.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shea_butter

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